Kusvibiswa kwemhepo mumba kunokonzerwa nekupisa mafuta akasimba - akadai sehuni, marara ezvirimwa, uye ndove - pakubika nekudziisa.
Kupiswa kwemafuta akadaro, kunyanya mumhuri dzine urombo, kunoguma nekusvibiswa kwemhepo kunotungamira kuzvirwere zvekufema zvinogona kukonzera rufu rwenguva pfupi. WHO inoti kusvibiswa kwemhepo mumba "ndiyo njodzi huru pane dzose pasi rose dzehutano hwezvakatipoteredza."
Kusvibiswa kwemhepo mumba ndeimwe yezvikonzero zvikuru zvinokonzera kufa nguva isati yakwana
Kusvibiswa kwemhepo mumba ndicho chinhu chikuru chinokonzera kufa nguva isati yakwana munyika dzine urombo
Kusvibiswa kwemhepo mumba ndeimwe yematambudziko makuru ezvakatipoteredza pasi rose - kunyanya kunevarombo pasi roseavo vanowanzoshaya mafuta akachena ekubikisa.
IyoMutoro Wezvirwere Pasi Posechidzidzo chikuru chepasi rose pamusoro pezvinokonzera nengozi dzerufu nezvirwere chakaburitswa mumagazini yezvekurapaLancet.2Idzi fungidziro dzehuwandu hwegore negore hwevakafa hunokonzerwa nezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvine njodzi dziri kuratidzwa pano. Chati iyi inoratidzwa nehuwandu hwepasi rose, asi inogona kuongororwa kune chero nyika kana dunhu uchishandisa toggle ye "change country".
Kusvibiswa kwemhepo mumba ndicho chinhu chinonyanya kukonzera rufu pasi rose, kusanganisira chirwere chemwoyo, pneumonia, sitiroko, chirwere cheshuga nekenza yemapapu.3Muchati tinoona kuti ndicho chimwe chezvinhu zvinonyanya kukonzera rufu pasi rose.
Zvinoenderana neMutoro Wezvirwere Pasi PoseChidzidzo chakawana kuti vanhu 2313991 vakafa nekuda kwekusvibiswa kwemukati meimba mugore rapfuura.
Nekuti data reIHME nderenguva pfupi yapfuura, tinonyanya kuvimba nedata reIHME mubasa redu rekusvibiswa kwemhepo yemumba. Asi zvakakosha kucherechedza kuti WHO yakaburitsa nhamba yakakura kwazvo yevakafa nekuda kwekusvibiswa kwemhepo yemumba. Muna 2018 (data razvino riripo) WHO yakafungidzira kuti vanhu mamiriyoni 3.8 vakafa.4
Kukanganiswa kwemhepo inosviba mumba kunonyanya kukwira munyika dzine mari shoma. Kana tikaongorora kupatsanurwa kwenyika dzine nhamba yakaderera yevanhu - 'Low SDI' pachati inopindirana - tinoona kuti kusviba kwemhepo inosviba mumba ndeimwe yezvinhu zvinonyanya kukonzera njodzi.
Kupararira kwerufu pasi rose nekuda kwekusvibiswa kwemhepo yemumba
4.1% yevakafa pasi rose inokonzerwa nekusvibiswa kwemhepo yemumba
Kusvibiswa kwemhepo yemumba kwakakonzereswa nerufu runofungidzirwa kuti rwunosvika 2313991 mugore rapfuura. Izvi zvinoreva kuti kusvibiswa kwemhepo yemumba ndiko kwakakonzera 4.1% yerufu pasi rose.
Mumepu pano tinoona huwandu hwevanhu vanofa gore rega rega nekuda kwekusvibiswa kwemhepo inobuda mumba pasi rose.
Patinoenzanisa huwandu hwevanhu vanofa nekuda kwekusvibiswa kwemhepo inobuda mumba nekufamba kwenguva kana pakati penyika, hatisi kungoenzanisa huwandu hwekusvibiswa kwemhepo inobuda mumba chete, asi kusimba kwayo.mumamiriro ezvinhuzvimwe zvinhu zvinokonzera rufu. Kusvibiswa kwemhepo mumba hakungotsamiri pakuti vangani vanofa nguva isati yakwana, asi kuti chii chimwe chiri kufa nevanhu uye kuti izvi zviri kuchinja sei.
Patinotarisa kufa kuri kuita vanhu nekuda kwekusvibiswa kwemhepo inobuda mumba, nhamba dzacho dzakakwira munyika dzine mari shoma muSub-Saharan Africa, asi hadzina kusiyana zvakanyanya nenyika dziri muAsia kana Latin America. Ikoko, kusvibiswa kwemhepo inobuda mumba - kunoratidzwa sehuwandu hwevakafa - kwakavharwa nebasa rezvimwe zvinhu zvinokonzera njodzi kune vanhu vane mari shoma, zvakaita sekusakwanisa kuwana zvinhu zvakawanda.mvura yakachengeteka, muromboutsananauye bonde risina kuchengetedzeka izvo zvinova njodzi kuneHIV/AIDS.
Huwandu hwevanhu vanofa hwakakwira zvikuru munyika dzine mari shoma
Huwandu hwevanhu vanofa nekuda kwekusvibiswa kwemhepo mumba hunotipa kuenzanisa kwakarurama kwemusiyano uripo pakati penyika nekufamba kwenguva. Kusiyana nehuwandu hwevanhu vanofa hwatakadzidza kare, huwandu hwevanhu vanofa hahuna simba rekuchinja kuri kuita zvimwe zvikonzero kana zvinhu zvinokonzera rufu.
Mumepu iyi tinoona huwandu hwevanhu vanofa nekuda kwekusvibiswa kwemhepo inobuda mumba pasi rose. Huwandu hwevanhu vanofa hunoyera huwandu hwevanhu vanofa pavanhu 100,000 munyika kana dunhu rakatarwa.
Chinobuda pachena ndechekuti mutsauko mukuru wehuwandu hwevakafa pakati penyika: huwandu hwevakafa hwakakwira munyika dzine mari shoma, kunyanya muSub-Saharan Africa neAsia.
Enzanisa huwandu uhwu nehwevanhu vari munyika dzine mari yakawanda: muNorth America huwandu hwevanhu vanofa hunosvika 0.1 pavanhu 100,000. Musiyano uyu unopfuura ka1000.
Saka nyaya yekusvibiswa kwemhepo mumba ine musiyano wakajeka mune zvehupfumi: idambudziko rakatopera zvachose munyika dzine mari yakawanda, asi richiri dambudziko guru rezvakatipoteredza nehutano kune vanhu vane mari shoma.
Tinoona hukama uhwu zvakajeka patinoronga huwandu hwevakafa kana tichienzanisa nemari inowanikwa, sezvakaratidzwapanoPane hukama hwakasimba husina kunaka: huwandu hwevanhu vanofa hunoderera sezvo nyika dzichiwedzera kupfuma. Izvi ndezvechokwadiwo kanaenzanisa izvipakati pehuwandu hwakanyanya hweurombo nemigumisiro yekusvibiswa kwemhepo.
Kufa kwevanhu nekuda kwekusvibiswa kwemhepo mumba kwakachinja sei nekufamba kwenguva?
Kufa kwegore negore nekuda kwekusvibiswa kwemhepo mumba kwaderera pasi rose
Kunyange hazvo kusvibiswa kwemhepo mumba kuchiri chimwe chezvinhu zvinonyanya kukonzera kufa, uye chiri chinhu chikuru chinokonzera njodzi yevanhu vane mari shoma, nyika yafambira mberiwo zvikuru mumakumi emakore achangopfuura.
Pasi rose, huwandu hwevanhu vanofa gore rega rega nekuda kwekusvibiswa kwemhepo mumba hwakaderera zvakanyanya kubvira muna 1990. Tinoona izvi mumufananidzo, unoratidza huwandu hwevanhu vanofa gore rega rega nekuda kwekusvibiswa kwemhepo mumba pasi rose.
Izvi zvinoreva kuti kunyangwe zvichiramba zvichienderera mberikukura kwevanhumumakumi emakore achangopfuura,huwandu hwesehuwandu hwevanhu vakafa nekuda kwekusvibiswa kwemhepo mumba huchiri kudzikira.
Ibvai pano https://ourworldindata.org/indoor-air-pollution
Nguva yekutumira: Mbudzi-10-2022