Overview
Vanhu vazhinji vanoziva kuti kusvibiswa kwemhepo yekunze kunogona kukanganisa hutano hwavo, asi kusvibiswa kwemhepo mukati kunogonawo kuve nemhedzisiro uye inokuvadza hutano. Zvidzidzo zveEPA zvekusangana nevanhu kune zvinosvibisa mhepo zvinoratidza kuti mazinga emukati ekusvibisa angave kaviri kusvika kashanu - uye dzimwe nguva anopfuura 100 nguva - yakakwirira kupfuura yekunze kwekunze. 90 muzana yenguva yavo vari mumba. Nezvinangwa zvegwaro iri, tsananguro yezvakanaka mukati memhepo mhando (IAQ) manejimendi inosanganisira:
- Kudzora kusvibiswa kwemhepo;
- Nhanganyaya uye kugoverwa kwemhepo yakakwana yekunze; uye
- Kugadziriswa kwekushisa kunogamuchirwa uye hunyoro hunoenderana
Tembiricha uye hunyoro hazvigone kufuratirwa, nekuti kunyaradza kwekudziya kunokonzera kunyunyuta kwakawanda nezve "husina kunaka hwemhepo." Uyezve, tembiricha uye humidity ndezvimwe zvezvinhu zvakawanda zvinokanganisa mazinga emukati memukati.
Nzvimbo dzekunze dzinofanirwawo kutariswa sezvo mhepo yekunze ichipinda muzvivakwa zvechikoro kuburikidza nemahwindo, magonhi uye masystem emhepo. Nekudaro, zvekufambisa uye zviitwa zvekuchengetedza nzvimbo zvinova zvinhu zvinokanganisa mazinga ekusvibiswa kwemukati pamwe nekunze kwemweya wekunze pachikoro.
Sei IAQ Yakakosha?
Mumakore achangopfuura, zvidzidzo zvengozi zvekuenzanisa zvakaitwa neEPA's Science Advisory Board (SAB) zvakagara zvichiisa kusvibiswa kwemhepo mukati pakati penjodzi shanu dzepamusoro dzezvakatipoteredza kuhutano hweveruzhinji. IAQ yakanaka chinhu chakakosha chenzvimbo ine hutano yemukati, uye inogona kubatsira zvikoro kusvika pachinangwa chazvo chekutanga chekudzidzisa vana.
Kutadza kudzivirira kana kupindura nekukurumidza kumatambudziko eIAQ kunogona kuwedzera hutano hurefu uye hwenguva pfupi kuvadzidzi nevashandi, senge:
- Coughing;
- Kushatirwa kwemaziso;
- Headaches;
- Allergic reactions;
- Kuwedzera asthma uye / kana zvimwe zvirwere zvekufema; uye
- Muzviitiko zvisingawanzoitiki, wedzera kumamiriro ezvinhu anotyisa sechirwere cheLegionnaire kana chepfu yecarbon monoxide.
Anenge mwana mumwe chete pavana gumi nevatatu vezera rechikoro ane asima, inova ndiyo inonyanya kukonzera kusaenda kuchikoro nekuda kwechirwere chisingaperi. Pane humbowo hukuru hwekuti kuratidzwa kwemukati kwezvakatipoteredza kune zvinokonzeresa (senge guruva mite, zvipembenene, uye molds) zvinoita basa mukukonzeresa zviratidzo zveasthma. Aya allergens anowanikwa muzvikoro. Pane humbowo zvakare hwekuti kufumurwa nedhiziri kubva kumabhazi echikoro nedzimwe mota kunowedzera asima uye kusawirirana. Aya matambudziko anogona:
- Kukanganisa kupinda kwevadzidzi, kunyaradza, uye kuita;
- Kuderedza kushanda kwevadzidzisi nevashandi;
- Kurumidza kuparara uye kuderedza kushanda zvakanaka kwechikoro chemuviri chirimwa nemidziyo;
- Kuwedzera mukana wekuvharwa kwezvikoro kana kutamiswa kwevagari;
- Kukanganisa hukama pakati pehutungamiri hwechikoro, vabereki nevashandi;
- Gadzira kushambadza kwakashata;
- Impact community trust; uye
- Gadzira matambudziko emhosva.
Matambudziko emhepo emukati anogona kuve akajeka uye haawanzo kuburitsa zvinozivikanwa zvinokanganisa hutano, kugara zvakanaka, kana chirimwa chemuviri. Zviratidzo zvinosanganisira kutemwa nemusoro, kuneta, kutadza kufema, kuzara kwe sinus, kukosora, kuhotsira, dzungu, kuda kurutsa, uye kushatirwa kwemaziso, mhino, huro, uye ganda. Zviratidzo zvingasave zvichikonzerwa nekusakwana kwehutano hwemhepo, asi zvinogonawo kukonzerwa nezvimwe zvinhu, zvakadai sekushaya chiedza, kushungurudzika, ruzha nezvimwe. Nekuda kwekusiyana kwekunzwa pakati pevadzidzi vechikoro, matambudziko eIAQ anogona kukanganisa boka revanhu kana munhu mumwechete uye anogona kukanganisa munhu wega nenzira dzakasiyana.
Vanhu vanogona kunyanya kubatwa nemhedzisiro yemukati memhepo inosvibisa inosanganisira, asi isina kuganhurirwa kune, vanhu vane:
- Asthma, allergies, kana makemikari sensitivities;
- Zvirwere zvekufema;
- Kudzvinyirirwa immune system (nekuda kwemwaranzi, chemotherapy, kana chirwere); uye
- Contact lenzi.
Mamwe mapoka evanhu anogona kunyanya kuve ari panjodzi yekufumurwa kwezvimwe zvinosvibisa kana musanganiswa unosvibisa. Semuenzaniso, vanhu vane chirwere chemoyo vanogona kukanganiswa zvakanyanya nekusangana nekabhoni monoxide pane vanhu vane hutano. Vanhu vakafumurwa kumazinga akakosha enitrogen dioxide zvakare vari panjodzi huru yezvirwere zvekufema.
Pamusoro pezvo, mitumbi inokura yevana inogona kuve nyore kutarisana nemamiriro ekunze kupfuura evakuru. Vana vanofema mweya wakawanda, vanodya chikafu chakawanda uye kunwa mvura yakawanda zvichienderana nehuremu hwemuviri wavo kupfuura vanhu vakuru. Naizvozvo, kunaka kwemhepo muzvikoro ndiko kunonyanya kunetseka. Kuchengetedza kwakakodzera kwemhepo yemukati kunopfuura "hutano" nyaya; inosanganisira kuchengetedzeka uye utariri hwekudyara kwako muvadzidzi, vashandi uye zvivakwa.
Kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo, onaIndoor Air Quality.
References
1. Wallace, Lance A., nevamwe. Total Exposure Assessment Methodology (TEAM) Chidzidzo: Kufumurwa pachedu, hukama hwemukati-kunze, uye mwero wekufema wezvinoputika organic komisheni muNew Jersey.Environ. Int.1986,12, 369-387.https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0160412086900516
Inobva pa https://www.epa.gov/iaq-schools/why-indoor-air-quality-important-schools
Nguva yekutumira: Sep-15-2022